Effect of 27nt-miRNA on regulation of SM22α expression in vascular smooth muscle cells and its effect on cell viability, migration and phenotypic changes / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To investigate the effect of 27nt-microRNA (27nt-miRNA) on the expression of smooth muscle 22α protein (SM22α) and the cell viability, migration and phenotypic changes of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs).METHODS:The highly expression plasmids of 27nt-miRNA, and anti-27nt-miRNA and negative control plasmids were constructed, packaged with lentivirus and transfected into the rat primary VSMCs.Platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) was added to induce VSMCs phenotype conversion.The cell viability was measured by MTT assay.The migration ability was detected by scratch assay.The mRNA and protein expression of SM22αwas determined by RT-PCR, immunocytochemical staining and Western blot.RESULTS:Compared with normal group, the cell viability in PDGF-BB group was increased (P<0.05) , the migration ability was increased (P<0.05) and the expression of SM22αat mRNA and protein level was decreased (P<0.05).Compared with negative control lentiviral group, the cell viability in 27ntmiRNA over-expression group was decreased (P<0.05) , the migration ability was decreased (P<0.05) , and the mRNA and protein expression of SM22αwas increased (P<0.05).While in anti-27nt-miRNA group, the cell viability was increased (P<0.05) , the migration ability was increased (P<0.05) , and the mRNA and protein expression of SM22αwas decreased (P<0.05).CONCLUSION:27nt-miRNA significantly increases the expression of SM22α, while inhibits the viability and migration ability of VSMCs, and inhibits its phenotypic shift from contractile to synthetic.

Regulation of miR-24 on vascular endothelial cell function and its role in the development of cardiovascular disease / 生理学报

microRNA-24 (miR-24) belongs to miR-23~27~24 cluster. It is highly expressed in vascular endothelial cells (VECs), and plays an important role in the regulation of VECs specific gene expression. Recent studies indicate that miR-24 is involved in the regulation of VECs function such as proliferation, apoptosis, angiopoiesis, inflammation, and differentiation. The dysregulation of miR-24 is associated with dysfunction or even damage of VECs, and contributes to the development of cardiovascular disease. In this review, we summarized the molecular mechanisms of miR-24 in regulating VECs function, and its role and importance during the development of cardiovascular disease.

The security of epilepsy patients use both donepezil and transcranial magnetic stimulation / 中国医师杂志

Epilepsy is a complications of brain injury or stroke,and is a common diseases in reha-bilitation or neurology department.Transcranial magnetic stimulation as a classical treatment means for stroke or brain injury,but also can promote the recovery of epilepsy.However,there is no clear clinical re-port for safety of epilepsy patients use both donepezil and transcranial magnetic stimulation .The article re-views the literature.Clinicians maybe provided some help.

Role of acute alcohol poisoning and craniocerebral trauma in the mechanism of death caused by subarachnoid hemorrhage / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the relation between the expression of tPA, MMP-2, MMP-9 and AEG-1 in the human brain tissue and the ethanol concentration under the acute alcohol poison, and to analyze the role of alcohol and trauma in the mechanism of death of subarachnoid hemorrhage.@*METHODS@#Fifteen real cases were collected in this study. The brain tissues were researched by histological examination and the concentration of ethanol in heart blood were detected. The tPA, MMP-2, MMP-9 and AEG-1 in brainstem, brain and cerebellum were observed respectively by immunohistochemistry.@*RESULTS@#In alcohol poisoning groups with or without trauma, the acute alcohol toxicity resulted in the swelling of brain tissues. The tPA, MMP-2, MMP-9 and AEG-1 of brainstem, brain and cerebellum showed high expression in alcohol victims, and the tPA in cerebellum showed no difference. The expression of the MMP-2, MMP-9 and AEG-1 showed good relation with the ethanol concentration in blood (P < 0.05, r > 0.6).@*CONCLUSION@#The expressions of tPA, MMP-2, MMP-9 and AEG-1 are significant higher in alcohol victims, and expressions of MMP-2 and MMP-9 and AEG-1 have positive correlation with the alcohol concentration. The alcohol has acute toxicity to brain cells.

Analysis of therapeutic effect and safety of target-dose metoprolol in the treatment of patients with diabetes mellitus with chronic heart failure

To explore the therapeutic effect and safety of target-dose metoprolol in treating chronic heart failure [CHF] patients complicated with diabetes mellitus [DM]. One hundred and fifty-four elderly patients were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group [n=77], which were treated with target-dose metoprolol and conventional therapy, and routinely treated respectively. The New York Heart Association [NYHA] classification, left ventricular end-systolic diameter [LVESD], left ventricular end-diastolic diameter [LVEDD], left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF], 6-min walking distance and medication safety of the two groups were compared. Compared with the results before treatment, the NYHA classification, LVESD, LVEDD, LVEF and 6-minutes walking distance of both groups were significantly improved [P < 0.05], with significantly better results in the observation group than those in the control group after treatment [P < 0.05]. In the 6 months of follow-up, the incidence of cardiac events in the observation group [3.90%] was significantly lower than that of the control group [14.29%] [P < 0.05]. The levels of average fasting blood sugar and glycosylated hemoglobin in the groups showed no significant differences [P > 0.05]. Treating CHF patients complicated with DM with target-dose metoprolol can obviously boost the cardiac function and exercise tolerance, leading to satisfactory clinical therapeutic effect, high security and moderate tolerance

Repair of deep wound on the head due to high-voltage electrical burn / 中华烧伤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the methods for repairing deep wound on the head due to high-voltage electrical burn (HEB).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-six patients with deep wounds on the head due to HEB were hospitalized from June 2002 to May 2012. They were all injured by high-voltage (voltage ranged from 380 V to 300 kV) electric current, involving head and several other parts over the body. The total burn area ranged from 1% to 75% TBSA, and the depth ranged from deep partial-thickness to full-thickness (including muscle or even bone). Scalp defect area ranged from 3 cm×2 cm to 20 cm×18 cm, and the maximum size of skull exposure was 12 cm×9 cm and the maximum size of skull defect was 7 cm×6 cm. The wounds of 26 patients were repaired with 7 local advance flaps, 4 bilateral rotation flaps, 18 local rotation flaps combined with thin split-thickness skin grafts in donor site, and 3 free anterolateral thigh flaps with vascular anastomosis. In four of the 26 patients, expander was used in the early stage after burn and 5 after wound healing (with thin split-thickness grafts).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All flaps and skin grafts survived, except for one flap which was complicated by wound infection, and it was healed after dressing and secondary suturing. The implanted expander expanded smoothly. Patients were followed up for 15 days to three years after surgery. Satisfactory results were obtained, and wounds of 15 patients were repaired completely.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Deep wound on the head due to HEB should be repaired with suitable flap combined with skin graft in donor site, and implantation of expander according to the injury area and condition of patient.</p>

Experience in the treatment of severe pressure sore / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To summarize the experience in the treatment of severe pressure sore.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From Aug. 2007 to Jun. 2011, 21 cases of severe pressure sore with 43 III-IV degree lesions were treated with combination treatment, including vacuum sealing drainage technique, local fascia flaps, upper or lower gluteus maximus island myocutaneous flaps, lower gluteus maximus myocutaneous flap, neurocutaneous femoris posterior flaps, tensor fascia lata island myocutaneous flaps, free latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flaps, and skin graft, combined with stryker frame and nursing tracking guidance. 13 of 21 cases had multiple pressure sore. Among them, 5 III degree pressure sores were covered by skin grafting and 3 non-caudal III degree pressure sores (< 2 cm in width) were directly closed after debridement. 8 of 21 cases had single IV degree pressure sore.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the 43 wounds healed completely. 5 wounds in 3 cases had effusion under flap which healed after re-drainage. The wounds were not healed in 3 cases with flap transposition which were also healed after re-debridement. All the flaps survived completely. 16 cases were followed up for 2-26 months. Recurrence happened in 4 cases after discharge because of not following the required nursing care.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Comprehensive application of vacuum sealing drainage technique, multiple myocutaneous flaps and skin grafting, combined with stryker frame and nursing tracking guidance after discharge can be used for the treatment of severe pressure sore with satisfactory results.</p>

Reverse small saphenous vein-sural neurovascular island flap for t he reconstruction ofsoft tissue defect on foot and ankle in children / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical application of reversed small saphenous vein-sural neurovascular island flap for reconstruction of soft tissue defect on foot and ankle in children.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From July 2006 to June 2008, 8 children with soft tissue defects on foot, heel or ankle were treated with reversed small saphenous vein-sural neurovascular island flaps. The size of flaps ranged from 6 cm x 5 cm to 9 cm x 7 cm. The upper margin of the flaps reached the upper third of cruris, with 1 case reaching the transverse line of popliteal fossa.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the flaps survived. The patients were followed up for 1 - 17 months with good aesthetic and functional results. The growth of the two legs had no difference. The sensation of the flaps improved with no heel ulcer and no dysfunction at the donor site. The upper boundary of flaps can reach the upper third of the cruris even the reansverse line of popliteal fossa. The rotation point of the flaps located at 4 - 6 cm above the lateral ankle in children.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The reversed small saphenous vein-sural neurovascular island flap in children has a reliable survival area. The operation is easily performed without any obvious influence on the growth of the operated cruris. It is a good reconstructive method for soft tissue defect in foot and ankle.</p>

Repair of high-voltage electric burn in jaw and neck region with insular pectoralis major myocutaneous flap / 中华烧伤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effect of insular pectoralis major myocutaneous flap on repair of jaw and neck tissue defect as a result of high-voltage electric burn.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighteen patients with large area tissue defect in jaw and neck caused by high-voltage electric burn hospitalized from August 2001 to December 2007 were repaired with insular pectoralis major myocutaneous flap. The flaps (from 12 cm x 10 cm to 16 cm x 13 cm) was transplanted in 8 patients after early wound debridement, and in 10 patients on infected wounds.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All flaps survived wells except in 4 patients necrotic area (length 2-5 cm, width 1-2 cm) appeared in the distal wound edge, localized dehiscence of wound edge in 2 cases, which were healed after dressing change or secondary suturing. Patients were followed up from 6 months to 3 years, and the appearance and function were satisfactory.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Pectoralis major muscle island myocutaneous flap has the advantage of large tissue mass, with thin and flat muscle belly, and rich blood supply, which is suitable for repair of large deep tissue defect in jaw and neck.</p>

Preparation and antibacterial activity of compound chitosan-compound Yizhihao-nanoparticles / 中南大学学报(医学版)

Objective To prepare chitosan (CS)-compound Yizhihao-nanoparticles (NP) and to investigate its antibacterial activity. Methods CS NPs were formed by the incorporation of CS and Na3PO4. CS-compound Yizhihao NPs were prepared by ion-cross-linking. The particle sizes and surface charges of CS NPs were determined by Malvern Zetasizer 1000-HAS and atomic force microscope (AFM), respectively. The antibacterial acitivity of CS-compound Yizhihao-NPs was studied in vitro and compared with that of compound Yizhihao powder. Results Malvern Zetasizer 1000-HAS and AFM demonstrated that the diameter of CS-compound Yizhihao NPs was (137.00±14.28)nm and CS NPs had (16.90±1.32)mV positive surface charges. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of CS-compound Yizhihao NPs on Staphylococcus aureus,Pneumococcus,β-hemolytic streptococcus, and Escherichia coli were 1:32,1:32,1:16,and 1:2,respectively. The minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBC) of CS-compound Yizhihao-NPs on Staphylococcus aureus,Pneumococcus,β-hemolytic streptococcus, and Escherichia coli were 1:16,1:16,1:8, and 1:2,respectively. The antibacterial efficacy of CS-compound Yizhihao-NPs to Staphylococcus aureus,Pneumococcus,and β-hemolytic streptococcus had been improved significantly (P<0.05). Conclusion CS-compound Yizhihao-nanoparticles have obvious antibacterial activity to the Staphylococcus aureus,Pneumococcus,and β-hemolytic streptococcus,which lays the experimental foundation for new preparation of traditional Chinese medicine in future research.

Clinical observation of the efficacy of MEBO in the treatment of burn patients with burn area over 50% TBSA / 中华烧伤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effectiveness of MEBO in the treatment of burn patients with burn area over 50% TBSA.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two hundred and ninety-eight patients hospitalized in our hospital from May of 1991 to December of 2003 with burn area over 50% TBSA, who had MEBO treatment before hospitalization, were enrolled in the study as the experiment (E) group. Another group of 300 burn patients with burn area over 50% TBSA that treated with SD-Ag cream were enrolled in the study as the control (C) group. Bacterial culture results, major changes in injury and mortality were compared between the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were 1 506 bacteria strains isolated from wounds in E group, and 9 main changes in injury (1679 cases) occurred with 20.8% mortality in this group. There were 353 bacteria strains isolated, with occurrence of 9 changes in injury (518 cases) and 4.7% mortality in the SD-Ag group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>MEBO is much less effective for the treatment of the burn patients with large burn area compared with SD-Ag cream treatment.</p>

The role of diaphgram fatigue in the death from hanging with bound upper limbs of rabbits / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the role of diaphgram fatigue in the death from hanging with bound upper limbs of rabbits.@*METHODS@#Rabbits were hanged with upper limbs bound, then the data of EMGdi were gathered@*RESULTS@#By analyzing power spectral of EMGdi in experiment, we compare the ratio change of H/L between pre-experiment and post-experiment. There is a significance decrease of the ratio of H/L, so it indicates that diaphgram fatigue does exist.@*CONCLUSION@#Diaphgram fatigue plays an important role in the death from hanging with limbs of rabbits bound.

Effect of ambroxol chloride on aquaporin-5 expression in lipopolysaccharide-smoking inducible rats / 上海第二医科大学学报

Objective To investigate the expression of aquaporin-5(AQP5) in lipo-polysaccharide(LPS)-cigarette smoking inducible SD rats,and the effect of ambroxol chloride(AMB)on its expression. Methods Twenty-one SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: AMB intervention group,model group(LPS-cigarette smoking induction group) and control group.TNF-? was determined from lung homogenate supernatant,bronchial alveolar lavage fluid(BALF) and serum by ELISA.The semi-quantitation of AQP5 transcription and expression were measured by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry,respectively. Results TNF-? from lung homogenate supernatant and BALF in model group was more than AMB intervention group and control group(P

Treatment of thoracolumbar burst fractures with bioactive artificial vertebrae of nano-hydroxyapatite and polymide 66 / 中华创伤杂志

Objective To investigate the efficacy of the bioactive artificial vertebrae of a nano- hydroapatite crystals and polyamide 66 composite(n-HA/PA66)to restore the height and architecture of thoracolumbar burst fracture.Methods From December 2003 to February 2006,38 patients(29 males and 9 females)with a mean age of 35.6 years(17-63 years)were treated surgically through anterior ap- proach for decompression and implanted with the bioactive artificial vertebrae of n-HA/PA66 composite to reconstruct the structure of the thoracolumbar burst fractured vertebra.Results All the patients were successfuly followed-up for an average of 8 months,ranging from 6 to 21 months.The bioaetive artificial vertebrac of n-HA/PA66 composite were fused with the receptor bone 3-4 months after operation.The neu- rological function of the patients was restored partially or completely.The thoracolumbar spine was stable during physical examination and the height of thoraeolumbar burst fractured vertebrae that had been restored did not changa during the follow-up.Conclusions Our results show the bioaetive artificial vertebrae of n-HA/PA66 can restore the height and structure of thoracolumbar burst fractured vertebrae and reconstruct the structure of the tboraeolumbar vertebrae effectively,indicating that the bioaetive artificial vertebrae of n- HA/PA66 can be used extensively in clinical spinal surgery.

Relationship between cytokines and Graves' disease / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Serum cytokine concentrations were determined in patients with Graves'disease(GD)before and after treatment of thiamazole.Serum soluble interleukin-2 receptor(sIL-2R)level was markedly raised before treatment as compared with normal subjects and returned to normal after 3 month therapy.Serum IL-8 level was lowered in GD patients and showed no change after 3 month therapy.No relationship between IL-8 and other markers was found.Serum IL-1?,IL-6 and TNF-?levels in GD patients showed no difference with those in normal controls.

Efficacy,safety and acceptance of Acarbose treatment under day-to-day c l!nlcal practice conditions:Post-Marketing Surveillance in Chinese type 2 diabetic patients / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

The aim of this Post-Marketing Surveillance study was to assess efficacy,safety and acceptance of acarbose treatment in Chinese type 2 diabetic patients under day-to-day practice conditions.A total of 2 480 patients were enrolled by 231 physicians throughout China into an open,prospective,uncontrolled,non- randomised,multi-centre study.Main efficacy parameters were the changes in fasting and postprandial blood glucose concentrations as well as in HbA-(1C) levels after acarbose treatment.The majority of patients had been previously treated with other oral anti-diabetic medication or insulin and received concomitant anti-diabetics during the mean observation period of 13.5 weeks.Most patients started on a daily acarbose dose of 50 mg t.i.d. Acarbose treatment reduced fasting blood glucose concentrations by 56.1 mg/dl ( 18 mg/dl glucose = 1 mmol/L glucose) and 2h-postprandial values by 111.3 mg/dl over the study period.HbA-(1C) decreased by 1.9% and body weight by 0.9 kg.76 acarbose-relatod adverse events occurred;two patients experienced serious adverse events. The attending physicians assessed treatment efficacy as“very good”or“good”for 90.1% of the patients, tolcrability for 89.1% and acarbose acceptance for 87.1% of the patients.Acarbose is efficacious,safe and well accepted by Chinese type 2 diabetic patients under day-to-day routine conditions,both as anti-diabetic mono- therapy and in combination with other anti-dlabetic drugs.